When is formative evaluation typically conducted?

• A. Before the program begins
• B. After the program ends
• C. During the program to make improvements
• D. Throughout the program to iteratively improve content

Answer: (C)

Formative evaluation is the ongoing feedback process used while a program is being developed or delivered, with the goal of making improvements as you go. It focuses on how the content, activities, and delivery are working in real time, so you can adjust materials, pacing, and methods based on what’s observed and reported by participants.

That’s why the best choice is the assessment conducted during the program to make improvements. It targets iterative refinements rather than judging outcomes after the program ends or planning before it starts. For example, pilot-test a lesson, gather participant reactions and learning clues, and revise the content accordingly before-wide rollout.